Comparison of Three Rapid Weight Loss Methods on Physical Fitness and Movement Indicators in Elite Male Wrestlers

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license

Authors

1 Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Aims: Choosing the appropriate method to achieve the ideal weight has a significant impact on the performance of wrestlers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of three rapid weight loss methods on some indices of physical and motor fitness in elite male wrestlers.
Methods: Twenty-four elite male wrestlers (age: 21.91±2.04 years; weight: 68.55±6.1 kg) were voluntarily selected and divided into three homogeneous groups (n=8), including training with plastic suits, dry sauna and complete diet restriction. Subjects in each group lost about 3 percent of their body weight through rapid weight loss. Body composition, indices of physical and motor fitness, including upper and lower body muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance, agility and flexibility were assessed before and two hours after weight loss. Paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data (P<0.05).

Results: The results of the present study showed that all three methods of rapid weight loss significantly reduced upper body muscle strength (respectively for plastic suits, sauna and diet restriction: P=0.02; P=0.04; P=0.0001), lower body muscle strength (P=0.007; P=0.009; P=0.002) and cardiovascular endurance (P=0.03; P=0.01; P=0.001) in wrestlers. In this regard, the rate of loss of upper body muscle strength (P=0.027) and cardiovascular endurance (P=0.041) in wrestlers when using the complete diet restriction method was significantly higher than the other two methods of rapid weight loss.

Conclusion: In general, it seems that wrestlers should avoid the complete dietary restriction method if necessary to rapid lose weight and use other methods, especially training with plastic suits.

Highlights

 

Keywords

Main Subjects

Full Text

 

 

References

[1] Abadi HAY, Mirzaei B, Habibi H, Barbas I. Prevalence of rapid weight loss and its effects on elite cadet wrestlers participated in the final stage of national championships. Age. 2017;11(2.37):11.76-2.04.
[2] Artioli GG, Scagliusi FB, Polacow VO, Gualano B, JUNIOR AHL. Magnitude and methods of rapid weight loss in elite judo athletes. Braz J Nutr. 2007;20:307-15.
[3] Kondo E, Sagayama H, Yamada Y, Shiose K, Osawa T, Motonaga K, et al. Energy deficit required for rapid weight loss in elite collegiate wrestlers. Nutrients. 2018;10(5):536.
[4] Beyranvand R, Moradi A, Fatahi F, Mirnasouri R. Assessment and Comparison of Rapid Weight Loss Methods and its Complications in Various Weight Groups of Adult Elite Wrestlers. J Reh Sci & Res. 2017;4(2):41-6.
[5] Nishimaki M, Kondo E, Teo C, Nakajima K, Yamashita D. Prevalence, methods of rapid weight loss amongst elite Japanese wrestlers. J High Perfor Spo. 2020;6:12-27.
[6] Janiszewska K, Przybyłowicz KE. Pre-Competition Weight Loss Models in Taekwondo: Identification, Characteristics and Risk of Dehydration. Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2793.
[7]  Isacco L, Degoutte F, Ennequin G, Pereira B, Thivel D, Filaire E. Rapid weight loss influences the physical, psychological and biological responses during a simulated competition in national judo athletes. Eur j spo sci. 2019:1-12.
[8] Kons RL, Athayde MSDS, Follmer B, Detanico D. Methods and magnitudes of rapid weight loss in judo athletes over pre-competition periods. Hum Move. 2017;18(2):49-55.
[9] Drid P, Krstulovic S, Erceg M, Trivic T, Stojanovic M, Ostojić S. The effect of rapid weight loss on body composition and circulating markers of creatine metabolism in judokas. Kinesiology. 2019;51(2):158-60.
[10]  Lambert C, Jones B. Alternatives to rapid weight loss in US wrestling. Int j spo med. 2010;31(08):523-8.
[11] Temur HB, Selçuk M, Öner S, Karaman ME. An investigation of the effects of rapid weight loss on the overall strength in 17 and 18 year-old male wrestlers. Eur J Phys Edu Spor Scie. 2017; 3(11).
[12] Helms ER, Storey A, Cross MR, Brown SR, Lenetsky S, Ramsay H, et al. RPE and velocity relationships for the back squat, bench press, and deadlift in powerlifters. J Stre & Condi Res. 2017;31(2):292-7.
[13] Tékus É, Kaj M, Szabó E, Szénási N, Kerepesi I, Figler M, et al. Comparison of blood and saliva lactate level after maximum intensity exercise. Acta Biologica Hungarica. 2012;63(Supplement-1):89-98.
[14] Amiri-Khorasani M, Sahebozamani M, Tabrizi KG, Yusof AB. Acute effect of different stretching methods on Illinois agility test in soccer players. J Stre & Condi Res. 2010;24(10):2698-704.
[15] Ayala F, de Baranda PS, Croix MDS, Santonja F. Reproducibility and criterion-related validity of the sit and reach test and toe touch test for estimating hamstring flexibility in recreationally active young adults. Physi Ther in Spor. 2012;13(4):219-26.
[16] Morales J, Ubasart C, Solana-Tramunt M, Villarrasa-Sapiña I, González L-M, Fukuda D, et al. Effects of rapid weight loss on balance and reaction time in elite judo athletes. Int j spor physi perfo. 2018;13(10):1371-7.
[17] Timpmann S, Ööpik V, Pääsuke M, Medijainen L, Ereline J. Acute effects of self-selected regimen of rapid body mass loss in combat sports athletes. J spor scie & med. 2008;7(2):210.
[18]  Degoutte F, Jouanel P, Bègue R, Colombier M, Lac G, Pequignot J, et al. Food restriction, performance, biochemical, psychological, and endocrine changes in judo athletes. Inte j spor med. 2006;27(01):9-18.
[19] Zubac D, Šimunič B, Buoite Stella A, Morrison SA. Neuromuscular performance after rapid weight loss in Olympic-style boxers. Eur J Spor Scie. 2019:1-10.
[20] Ribas MR, de Oliveira WC, de Souza HH, dos Santos Ferreira SC, Walesko F, Bassan JC. The Assessment of Hand Grip Strength and Rapid Weight Loss in Muay Thai Athletes. J Profe Exer Physi. 2019;16(3).
[21] Fogelholm GM, Koskinen R, Laakso J, Rankinen T, Ruokonen I. Gradual and rapid weight loss: effects on nutrition and performance in male athletes. Med scie spor exer. 1993;25(3):371-7.
[22] Savoie F-A, Kenefick RW, Ely BR, Cheuvront SN, Goulet ED. Effect of hypohydration on muscle endurance, strength, anaerobic power and capacity and vertical jumping ability: a meta-analysis. Spor med. 2015;45(8):127-207.
[23] Hayes LD, Morse CI. The effects of progressive dehydration on strength and power: is there a dose response? Eur j appli physi. 2010;108(4):701-7.
[24]  Cheuvront SN, Kenefick RW. Dehydration: physiology, assessment, and performance effects. Compreh Physio. 2011;4(1):257-85.
[25] Matthews JJ, Stanhope EN, Godwin MS, Holmes ME, Artioli GG. The magnitude of rapid weight loss and rapid weight gain in combat sport athletes preparing for competition: A systematic review. Inte j spor nutr exer metabol. 2019;29(4):441-52.
[26] Roklicer R, Lakicevic N, Stajer V, Trivic T, Bianco A, Mani D, et al. The effects of rapid weight loss on skeletal muscle in judo athletes. J Trans Med. 2020;18:1-7.
[27] Barley OR, Chapman DW, Blazevich AJ, Abbiss CR. Acute dehydration impairs endurance without modulating neuromuscular function. Frontiers in physiology. 2018;9:1562.
[28]  Barley OR, Iredale F, Chapman DW, Hopper A, Abbiss CR. Repeat effort performance is reduced 24 hours after acute dehydration in mixed martial arts athletes. J Stren & Condi Res. 2018;32(9):2555-61.
[29]  Oppliger RA, Steen SAN, Scott JR. Weight loss practices of college wrestlers. Int j spor nutr exer metabol. 2003;13(1):29-46.
[30]  Yildirim I. Associations among dehydration, testosterone and stress hormones in terms of body weight loss before competition. Amer j medi scie. 2015; 350(2):103-108.
Research in Exercise Nutrition
Volume 1, Issue 3
October 2022
Pages 23-32

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 21 November 2023
  • Revise Date: 25 November 2023
  • Accept Date: 09 December 2023
  • First Publish Date: 09 December 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics